For SAP FI Financial consultants, it is very important to understand the concept of posting keys. Posting keys in SAP R3 FI work at the line item level. Posting keys serve three main functions in SAP accounting

- Posting keys control as to which type of account the line item in the document will be posted to.
- Secondly, posting keys control whether the line item will be posted as a debit or a credit.
- Laslty, posting keys help in determining field statuses for additional details.

One important thing to remember is that posting keys even though applicable to line items are defined at the client level. SAP standard transactions come pre-defined with posting keys which can either be debit or credit. SAP R/3 FI comes pre delivered with the following default posting key values. These psoting key values depend upon the area in SAP FI.

General Ledger Transactions - "Debit" is posting key 40 and "Credit" is posting key 50.
Customer Invoices - "Debit" is posting key 01 and "Credit" is posting key 50.
Vendor Invoices - "Debit" is posting key 40 and "Credit" is posting key 31.

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